What is Defect Density and how can we calculate Defect Density ?

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safoora

  • Feb 4th, 2007
 

Defect density is one of the metric which is equal to the ratio of number of defects to the number of lines of code .

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Sachin Umrikar

  • Mar 7th, 2007
 

Defect Density:


Defect Density = Defect/unit size

Ex: Suppose 10 bugs are found in 1 KLOC
Therefore DD is 10/KLOC

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Defect Density is the number of confirmed defects detected in software/component during a defined period of development/operation divided by the size of the software/component.
Elaboration The 'defects' are:

  • confirmed and agreed upon (not just reported).
  • Dropped defects are not counted.

The ‘period’ might be for one of the following:
  • for a duration (say, the first month, the quarter, or the year).
  • for each phase of the software life cycle.
  • for the whole of the software life cycle.
The ‘size’ is measured in one of the following:
  • Function Points (FP)
  • Source Lines of Code
Defect Density Formula
                                    
Number of Defects
Defect Density =  --------------------------------
                                               
Size

Defect Density Uses


  • For comparing the relative number of defects in various software components so that high-risk components can be identified and resources focused towards them
  • For comparing software/products so that ‘quality’ of each software/product can be quantified and resources focused towards those with low quality.

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Defect density is a measure of the total known defects divided by the size of the software entity being measured.

    Number of Known Defects
---------------------------------
                  Size

The Number of Known Defects is the count of total defects identified against a particular software entity, during a particular time period. Examples include:
 Defect to date since the creation of module
 Defects found in a program during an inspection
 Defects to date since the shipment of a release to the customer

Size is a normalizer that allows comparisons between different software entities (i.e., modules, releases, products).
Size is typically counted either in Lines of Code or Function Points.

Uses: Defect Density is used to compare the relative number of defects in various software components. This helps identify candidates for additional inspection or testing or for possible reengineering or replacement.

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Defect density is a metric used to make informed decisions about software quality.
 

Defect density = # of defects / unit or component size

The size is measured in:
> Software lines of code (SLOC)
> Function points (FP)

This measure is often used to determine high-risk components that will require more attention in future projects.  It is also used to provide a baseline for process improvements.

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