ANSWERS FOR THE FIRST 12 QUESTIONS

1) CMM levels are:
a) Performed.
b) Managed.
c) Defined.
D) Quantitatively Managed.
E) Optimizing.

CMMI is Capability Maturity Model Integration an approach that guides companies toward improving their processes.

2) Sanity testing comes before system testing.

3) Both CVS and VSS are versioning control software. However CVS is open-source software while VSS is a product of Microsoft.

4) A test scenario describes the natural flow of steps required for a user to perform a particular task in a software program.

5) A pre-condition refers to a prerequisite that must be met in order to execute a test case.

6) A good test manager ensures testing will be completed in time by making good estimates with regard to test resources and by maintaining a presence throughout the test process overcoming any roadblocks to testing along the way.

7) Types of testing:
a) User Acceptance Testing (UAT): A cross-section of end-users will use the application and offer feedback to the Business Analyst and/or test group.
b) Mutation Testing is a form of software testing that involves modifying the program's source code in small ways. Any tests that pass after the mutations are considered defective.
c) Load testing is a process of placing a demand on a software program and measuring its response.
d) Stress testing is the process of determining the ability of a program to maintain a certain level of effectiveness under unfavorable conditions.
e) Volume testing is a process that subjects the system to large volumes of data confirms that values can not get so large over time to degrade the operation of the system.

8) Testing methodologies can correspond with the software development process that it relies upon. Examples are:
a) CMMI or waterfall development process
b) Agile or extreme development process
In addition it can reflect an overall test approach irrespective of the software development process. Examples are:
a) Black box testing
b) White box testing
c) Gray box testing
Finally it can identify levels of testing. Examples are:
a) Unit testing
b) System testing
c) Integration testing
d) Useability Acceptance testing

9) It is sometimes said that validation can be expressed by the query "Are you building the right thing?" and verification by "Are you building the thing right?" "Building the right thing" refers back to the user's needs while "building it right" checks that the specifications be correctly implemented by the system.
a) Verification is a process that is used to evaluate whether the program complies with specifications. This is often an internal process.
b) Validation is the process of establishing evidence that provides a high degree of assurance that a program accomplishes its intended requirements. This often involves acceptance of fitness for purpose with end users and other product stakeholders.

10) A test harness is a collection of software and test data configured to test a program unit by running it under varying conditions and monitoring its behavior and outputs.

11) A hot fix sometimes called a patch is a cumulative package that includes one or more files that are used to address a problem in a software product. Hotfixes typically address a specific customer situation and are not distributed outside the customer organization.

12) Test data is a collection of test input values that are consumed by a software program during the execution of a test determine whether the program achieves expected results.

ANSWERS FOR THE LAST 12 QUESTIONS ARE FORTHCOMING