Girish

• Jul 20th, 2017

We cannot have two variables with the same name in the same scope. To resolve this namespace is introduced. Namespace is a declarative region that provides a scope to the identifiers inside it. Acces...

dinu

• Oct 3rd, 2016

Suppose we have two libraries lib1 and lib2. let there is a function add() present in both of them, this function can have different meaning or functionality in both libraries but they have same name...

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NikunjSingh

 Profile Answers by NikunjSingh Questions by NikunjSingh

• Feb 23rd, 2012

1. using normal object creation: Shape obj; 2. copy ctor: Shape obj2=obj;// or Shape obj3(obj); 3. using new operator;

Code
#include <iostream>
 
using namespace std;
 
class Shape{
public:
        Shape(){cout<<"Shape..."<<endl;}
        Shape(const Shape& obj)
        {
                cout<<"Copy called"<<endl;
        }
        void* operator new(size_t size)
        {
                cout<<"new...."<<endl;
                void* storage=malloc(size);
                if(NULL == storage) {
                        throw "allocation fail : no free memory";
                }
                return storage;
        }
 
        void operator delete (void*){
 
        }
};
 
int main()
{
        Shape obj;
        Shape obj2=obj;
        Shape obj3(obj);
        Shape* ptrShape=new Shape();
        Shape* ptrShapeOver= new Shape();
        return 0;
}

Isaac

• Feb 21st, 2012

1. Create on stack. i.e. ClassA varA;
2. Create on heap. i.e. ClassA *ptrA = new ClassA;

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ajrobb

 Profile Answers by ajrobb Questions by ajrobb

• Sep 22nd, 2010

A memory leak in C++ is generally caused by not understanding the language.The std::auto_ptr<class> or similar should be used whenever allocating objects on the heap using new. This is essential...

SomGollakota

 Profile Answers by SomGollakota Questions by SomGollakota

• Jun 13th, 2007

Memory leak is - dynamically allocating memory and forgeting to free it. In C++, using a new operator to allocate a chunk of memory, and forgetting to delete it. There are several reasons this could o...

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Write a program for four atrithmetic operations in matrix using operator overloading.

JoolsL

• Nov 19th, 2012

In both the above answers the op overloads should be using a const ref as input. You should have a (private) ctor that makes the matrix from the data, and should use RVO in the return.

binoy

• Aug 23rd, 2012

Code
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class matrix
{
  private:long m[5][5];
  int row;int col;
  public:void getdata();
  int operator ==(matrix);
  matrix operator+(matrix);
  matrix operator-(matrix);
  friend ostream & operator << (ostream &,matrix &);
};
/* function to check whether the order of matrix are same or not */
int matrix::operator==(matrix cm)
{
  if(row==cm.row && col==cm.col)
  {
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
/* function to read data for matrix*/
void matrix::getdata()
{
  cout<<"enter the number of rows
";
  cin>>row;
  cout<<"enter the number of columns
";
  cin>>col;
  cout<<"enter the elements of the matrix
";
  for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
  {
    for(int j=0;j<col;j++)
    {
       cin>>m[i][j];
    }
  }
}
/* function to add two matrix */
matrix matrix::operator+(matrix am)
{
  matrix temp;
  for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
  {
    for(int j=0;j<col;j++)
    {
      temp.m[i][j]=m[i][j]+am.m[i][j];
    }
    temp.row=row;
    temp.col=col;
  }
  return temp;
}
/* function to subtract two matrix */
matrix matrix::operator-(matrix sm)
{
  matrix temp;
  for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
  {
    for(int j=0;j<col;j++)
    {
      temp.m[i][j]=m[i][j]-sm.m[i][j];
    }
    temp.row=row;
    temp.col=col;
  }
  return temp;
}
/* function to display the contents of the matrix */
ostream & operator <<(ostream &fout,matrix &d)
{
  for(int i=0;i<d.col;i++)
  {
    for(int j=0;j<d.col;j++)
    {
      fout<<d.m[i][j];
      cout<<" ";
    }
    cout<<endl;
  }
return fout;
}
/* main function */
void main()
{
  matrix m1,m2,m3,m4;
  clrscr();
  m1.getdata();
  m2.getdata();
  if(m1==m2)
  {
    m3=m1+m2;
    m4=m1-m2;
    cout<<"Addition of matrices
";
    cout<<"the result is
";
    cout<<m3;
    cout<<"subtraction of matrices
";
    cout<<"The result is 
";
    cout<<m4;
  }
  else
  {
    cout<<"order of the input matrices is not identical
";
  }
  getch();
}

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What is advantage of using Constructor initialization lists?

Paul_Singh

 Profile Answers by Paul_Singh Questions by Paul_Singh

• Feb 7th, 2012

For some object the initialized list is necessary because they are const or do not have default constructors. However, the main advantage is that if you construct the object in the constructor body th...

abc

• Feb 5th, 2012

--> initializer list is used with constructor when any const datas are used in a class. --> bcoz, as we known const var should be initialized while declaring. --> the class gets memory allocatio...

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Editorial / Best Answer

michaelpyles  

 Profile Answers by michaelpyles Questions by michaelpyles

• Member Since Dec-2007 | Dec 29th, 2007

---

Proper inheritance occurs when the derived class "IS A" specialized type of the base class.  Example Cat IS A Animal.
Improper inheritance occurs when a class is inherited from merely for code reuse, without having any other relationship.  Example Cat Inherits from Engine.  A Cat is not an engine however both an engine and a cat purr. 

yzesong

 Profile Answers by yzesong Questions by yzesong

• Jul 31st, 2009

As long as no diamond problems (improper inheritance),  single or multiple inheritance can all be proper inheritance. When usng multiple inheritance with diamond problem, you can use virtual inheritance to make the multiple inheritance a proper one.

michaelpyles

 Profile Answers by michaelpyles Questions by michaelpyles

• Dec 29th, 2007

Proper inheritance occurs when the derived class "IS A" specialized type of the base class.  Example Cat IS A Animal. Improper inheritance occurs when a class is inherited from merely f...

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sivakumar.v

 Profile Answers by sivakumar.v Questions by sivakumar.v

• Jul 3rd, 2008

Hi, for the above answer, i am little bit disagreeing, like VECTOR is UNIDIRECTIONAL ?? what does that mean ?? exactly, you mean to say that we cannot have multidimensional vectors ?? if that is ...

bhradwj

• Apr 4th, 2006

The main difference between vector and array isAlways vector is represented as uni-dimensional (ie., one dimensional) but whereas Array can be represented by both one-dimensional as well as two dimensional.Thanks....

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Ashish

• Jan 7th, 2007

include<iostream>#include<fstream>using namespace std;int main(){             fstream *obj = new fstream();    &n...

Jayashree

• Jul 26th, 2006

#include "stdafx.h"#include "string.h"#include "process.h"int main(int argc, char* argv[]){ char cmd[125]; strcpy(cmd, "type "); strcat(cmd, __FILE__); system(cmd); return 0;}

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Write a program that continues to ask the user to enter any decimal number and calculate it’s binary,octal and hexadecimal equivalent.

Badugu

• Mar 11th, 2015

Please try following:

Code
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include <bitset>
 
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    int i,j;
    cout<<"Enter a decimal Number:";
    while (cin>>i) {
                 
          cout<<"Hexa Decimal:"<<std::hex<<i<<"     Octal:"<<std::oct<<i<<endl;
          std::bitset<8> x(i);
          cout<<"Binary:"<<x<<endl;
          cout<<"Enter a decimal Number:";
          }
          
          return 0;
          }
 

rohit suri

• Sep 11th, 2014

Code
 
int binary_function(int num)
{
   if(num==1)
      return 1;
  else 
    return binary_function(num/2)*10+(num%2);
}
 

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