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The behavior of "c = a++ + ++a + a++;" is undefined; the result will vary based on the compiler, optimization settings, surrounding code, etc.

The problem is that the order in which each...

Instead of writing a separate function, use what's available in the standard library:



#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
...
vector<int> v;
// load values into v

Here's a slightly different approach. It uses the generate_n template function to generate a Fibonacci sequence and stores the resulting sequence to a vector, from which we compute the sum and...

First of all, never blindly assume that one method is always going to be faster than the other; code up both versions and measure their relative performance.

Once you've made that measurement,...

The following code will compute and display either a single Fibonacci number, or a range of Fibonacci numbers and the average of that range, using the computation by rounding method, which uses the...

The null pointer is a well-defined "nowhere" that is guaranteed to compare unequal to any valid memory address. It can be used in several different ways:


Indicate an error condition - standard...

In C, array indexing is defined in terms of an offset from a base address; the expression a[i] is evaluated as *(a+i). The first element of the array is found at the base address, so the offset is 0...

There is a difference between function overloading and function overriding.

You can overload a function or method by declaring or defining multiple functions or methods with the same name in the...

You might find this to be an interesting read.

Giving it a quick scan, I'm not sure if Ritchie says so explicitly, but the first C compiler was either written in PDP assembler or B.

Neither C nor C++ support the idea of tuples the way Perl or Python do. Not only can functions not return them, there's no way to assign them. If you need a function to return multiple values, you...

Contrary to the answers you've gotten so far, you do not want to use fflush to clear an input stream. From the C Language Standard:


Emphasis mine. Calling fflush on an input stream may clear...

I know this thread is over 5 years old now, but I figured I'd go ahead and post an example.

This program goes a bit above and beyond the initial request in that it scans for all C keywords, rather...

The best way to explain why gets is unsafe is to look at its declaration:


char *gets(char *s)

gets takes a pointer to a buffer and copies input from the standard input stream to that buffer...

The standard libraries are as much a part of the C language as the grammar. Note that there are two types of execution environments, hosted and freestanding. A hosted environment is what most of us...

First problem: obj1 is of type A, which doesn't have the member variable y; assigning obj2 to obj1 doesn't change obj1's *type*.
Second problem: B declares y as a protected member; it wouldn't be...

First of all, Java and C# use pointers all over the place; they just don't expose any pointer operations to the programmer the way C and C++ do. The designers of Java and C# felt that pointer...

Expressions of the form ++i * ++i and ++i + ++i result in undefined behavior, meaning any result is possible. An object may have its value modified at most once between any two sequence points by...

Sorting algorithms such as the Quicksort algorithm take advantage of recursion, as do binary tree traversal algorithms.

Many fractals such as the Koch snowflake and the SIerpinski gasket are...

A struct will have memory allocated for all its members, accounting for alignment (IOW, there may be some padding bytes between members so that all members are properly aligned).

Take the...

Think about a class that has to maintain some internal state, like a data structure or a file stream. Allowing other code direct access to that internal state data runs the risk of corrupting the...

The terms method, function, procedure, subroutine, and subprogram are all roughly synonymous, although the term function is generally reserved for a subroutine that returns a value. Some languages...

Basically, it will evaluate as


5 - ((-11 * 2) / 4)
== 5 - (-22 / 4)
== 5 - (-5 )
== 10

If an employee is not a member of any department, then you're looking for EIDs that appear in the Employee table but not in the EmpDept table:



select e.eid, e.name from employee e where e.eid...

Remember the following:


The expression x++ evaluates to the current value of x, which is 5;
The expression --y evaluates to the current value of y - 1, which is -11;
The expression --y * b...

Reformatting and adding some line numbers to assist in the discussion below


/* 1 */ int leaf(int f)
/* 2 */ {
/* 3 */ int result;
/* 4 */ result = f-1;
/* 5 */ if (f<5)
/* ...