Why do we use solid shafts for transfer of power in case of pumps/ turbines & other machines why we use a hollow shaft (pipe) in universal joints of automobiles; although the rated load and twist is approx. the same.

Arun Govind Neelan

• Feb 27th, 2012

In automobile application we have to consider weight in addition to torque and strength. Hollow shaft has high torque transmitting capacity per unit mass compared to solid shaft. If you consider bending stress diagram for hollow it is min at centre so material requirement is minimum at centre.

ravindra sariya

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• Feb 16th, 2012

In case of turbine and pump there is an axial component of force present so solid shaft can deal better than hollow shaft...and in automobile only pure torsion is present and also hollow shaft have le...

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kato

• Jul 14th, 2017

When we apply zero volt or ground to the +terminal of an opamp the -terminal also has such low voltage because of high input impedance that is called as virtual ground since it is not ground itself

soumya gupta

• Jul 11th, 2017

When the input nodes of an opamp are taken as ground in the negative feedback condition, then its known as virtual ground.

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