Why we use only sine wave instead of cosine, triangular, rectangular waves to represent electrical quantities?

we can use cosine also in electrical quantities.
But we can't go for the other waves what you specified above.

Because we have some advantages with sine and cosine waves compared to others,

such as the differentiation and integration of these waves(sine&cosine) leads to same wave form again with some shift. Implies the nature of waveform not changed.
Because our electrical system consists of integro-differential equations.

If you differentiate triangular wave it leads to a rectangular wave for which the load performance may be poor in that context.

So, we can use only sine and cosine waves in EE.

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