HI Suneel,

Tunning means Making the database application run faster,faster means  high througtput. You can also say that when your program using so many resources and performance is low,now TUNNING comes in the picture.

Tunning Considerations

1) database availibility.

2)Database hit percentages.

3)Memory Utilization. etc

Tunning Steps

1) Tune the database(normalization).

2) Tune the application design.

3) Tune the resource concetanation.

4) Tune the Operating System. etc

For Tunning some Tools are avaliable.

1) SQL Trace / Autotrace.

2) Explain Plan.

3) SQL analyser.

4) TKPROOF. Tkproof is a utility that convert the .trc file(trace file,which is in semi readble format) in to readble format.

ex. SQL> tkproof xyz.trc to readme.txt