The Testing cycle is
as follows:
-Test case preparation.
-Test case review.
-Test case execution.
-Defect identification and reporting.
-Test Report.

Testing process
is a testing management kind of work. As the term goes:
TESTING (the test action to be performed on a product) and PROCESS (the planning done to perform testing)
So it starts before the testing commences. The person responsible for the testing process should work along with the development team from the time of estimation prepared for the product to know what is the estimation, understand the environment and get the required details for the set up, identify test person skills and identify and train people prior to testing commences, and preparing, monitoring testing schedule and work with the testing team to understand the product status and report on the testing status. So testing process is somewhat equivalent to the development process.